An international shipping fuel tax was introduced by Denmark in 2009, but it was not taken forward.
Considers the carbon tax as a key element of GHG mitigation policy for international maritime transport.
Requires ships passing through US/Canadian waters to comply with Tier III emissions limits for NOx, which reduce NOx emissions approximately 80%.
The IMO approved a Data Collection System regulation in 2017 (MEPC 292(71)) requiring all ships to report fuel consumption, distance, and time at sea, which would be disclosed publicly on an anonymized, aggregate basis.
Established a network of five Maritime Technology Cooperation Centres (MTCCs) in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean, Latin America and the Pacific.
Aimed at supporting the uptake and implementation of energy efficiency measures for shipping.
New ship design needs to meet the efficiency reference level, which will be tightened incrementally every five years.
Guidelines require that all ships of shipping companies develop and maintain a ship efficiency management plan, outline operational measures, and monitoring tools.
Annex VI to MARPOL contains GHG regulations. 88 countries representing over 96% of the world’s merchant fleet (including the US) have ratified Annex VI, which regulates air pollution and GHGs.