Envisages for a reduction in total GHG emissions from international shipping which, it says, should peak as soon as possible and to reduce the total annual GHG emissions by at least 50% by 2050 compared to 2008.
Addresses the challenges in developing zero emission shipping fuels, emissions trading and market-based measures, and the industry position on operational efficiency indexing.
Concludes that, if the world were otherwise on a 2 degree pathway while shipping emissions maintained a business-as-usual trajectory, total shipping emissions could reach 18% of worldwide GHG emissions by 2050.
Captured an inventory of emissions from international shipping, and outlines emissions scenarios out to 2050.
Examines UK negotiations to tackle shipping emissions at an international level, domestic carbon budgets, and operational improvements and technological R&D.
Applies the strategies of material efficiency to reductions in steel demand. Notes six strategies that could contribute to this target.
Marks a shift towards Extended Producer Responsibility for all products — e-waste, tires, packaging, compost and more.