NASA’s Advanced Air Vehicles Program and Integrated Aviation System Research Program both conduct research on new vehicle technologies that will have a significant impact on reducing emissions. For six years, the Environmentally Responsible Aviation Project was focused on maturing and demonstrating integrated technologies in a relevant environment to accelerate the technology transition for aircraft, including laminar flow technologies, lighter weight structures, and wing design equipped with adaptive compliant trailing edge technology. The NASA Advanced Air Transport Technology Project explores technologies to enable propulsion system energy efficiency.